Glad that I can pose a challenge (not really). I tried the safe mode thing back when this first started.
I'm beginning to think that your first impression was correct, even if it wasn't the correct update. Something changed my settings on these computers as I found they are now sharing settings which I had turned off. All three now have group policies which are identical and not available in the group policy editor. All three indicate the same for what is available to remove in Windows Update, but none will actually remove that. However, I'm beginning to think that the files have been removed, but the size which Disk Cleaner sees is incorrect.
If this doesn't sort out in the next few days, I'm going to set a week aside to take down the network and do a clean install of Windows 11 and all software on all three machines.