For me, the following solved the Problem:
Delete the Value data (all bytes) of
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY\Policy\Secrets\NL$KM\CurrVal(Default)
and
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY\Policy\Secrets\NL$KM\OldVal(Default)
One reboot and CurrVal(Default) should be filled again.
If you are not domain-joined, i would not expect any problems.
I'm not giving directions on how to access and delete the value data because i want skilled people who know what they are doing to test my solution.