As mentioned in a previous reply, I DO have a motherboard that supports Secure Boot, TPM, UEFI, GPT partitions, which are prerequisites for the KB5012170 update. However, I still miss out on Windows 11 support due to my ineligible 1st-generation AMD Ryzen APU.
After backup of my important data in case of OS/boot drive corruption, I decided to tackle my MBR vs. GPT drive issue again. I was finally able to move/resize the problem partitions on my primary system C:/ drive using an awkward and tedious combination of Paragon Hard Disk Manager 17 (which I happen to have a license for), and Windows 10 'DISKPART' and 'MBR2GPT' commands. Then I was able to successfully convert that MBR drive to GPT without data loss, disable CSM in BIOS, and restart Windows. Windows Update was able to install KB5012170 on its next attempt.
Where I feel Microsoft is failing is that in their KB5012170 topic article they continue to state there is an ongoing investigation which implies an eventual possible fix down the road from them or from some OEMs of some systems -- even worse they fail to clearly list or link to the system requirements for KB5012170. No OEM can fix the 'Error 0X800f0922' installation issue with firmware if the platform on the motherboard doesn't even support Secure Boot, TPM, UEFI, GPT partition requirements. On a board that does support them, it needs to be clearer in OEM and Windows documentation how to enable each feature so all are actively present. A reasonable fix from MS might be to figure out a way to better detect systems that don't meet the system requirements and NOT offer the KB5012170 update at all through Windows Update on those systems. MS should also offer within the KB article a link to the solution they used to when specific security updates could not be installed.
https://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/53184.show-or-hide-updates-utility-fixing-automatic-installation-of-a-problematic-update-in-windows-10-version-1903.aspx
Sorry, I realize this update from me is wordy but I'm too tired to go back and edit.
Good luck all !