New information.
I found our issue on the feedback hub. One person pointed out that the problem is that the Instant Hotspot feature is enabled in the Phone Link app. I decided to test this theory.
I turned off Instant Hotspot in the Phone Link app, and also turned off this feature on the phone (Samsung S10e, Link to Windows) and rebooted the computer. After that, I've been testing for about 2 hours, at least 20 times I went to sleep - the applications are not crashed! Everything works fine! However, I don't know what will happen tomorrow. I also tried to turn on Instant Hotspot (I set it up and made sure that the smartphone appeared in the Wi-Fi section of Windows 11). Even without a reboot, the apps broke the first time I put sleep mode on. Obviously there is an impact. But I will continue to test this problem