I read a lot the last hours and it seems to me that microsoft really messed up the whole thing.
https://www.reddit.com/r/msp/comments/og9ph4/bsod_after_kb5004945/ https://www.windowslatest.com/2021/07/09/windows-10-kb5004945-is-causing-major-issues-for-some-users/
I gave KB5004945 a second try, this time the bsod occured only minutes after installation. As you can read in the second article, microsoft is about to fix (at least they try...) the printing issue via Known Issue Rollback (KIR). It wasn´t delivered to my pc so far (you can check that in the registry), so I will wait and see if that helps. If not, hopefully they will fix that on next tuesday.
Indeed I have not much hope, the KIR will solve my BSOD issues. Speaking fpr myself, the BSOD never occured in combination with any printing activities.
If nothing helps, I will uninstall the update again and try to hide it with wushowhide, as Heidi-Ann Fourkiller suggested. I already downloaded the tool. But before doing this, i will wait untill next Patchday-Tuesday.
I can hardly describe how annoyed I am.
And thank you Microsoft for all the support and the useful comments, you left in this thread. #irony off