It seems to be more complicated. My Windows version is 19042.630. Two systems with the same version, one succeeded, one failed to install the upgrade.
The one that succeeded has been bumped up to 19042.685.
The one that fails seems to be stumble here (windows\logs\cbs\cbs.log:
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Info CSI 0000000d Component dual_wvmbusr.inf, version 10.0.19041.662, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver' does not have a winner but has 2 other component version(s)
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Error CSI 0000000e (F) Matching binary wvmbusr.inf missing for component dual_wvmbusr.inf, version 10.0.19041.662, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver'[gle=0x80004005]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Error CSI 0000000f@2020/12/9:16:22:28.428 (F) onecore\base\wcp\componentstore\storelayout.cpp(1682): Error 800f0984 [Warning,Facility=15 (0x000f),Code=2436 (0x0984)] originated in function ComponentStore::CRawStoreLayout::HydrateFileUsingForwardAndReverseDeltas
expression: ((SCODE) (((unsigned long)(1)<<31) | ((unsigned long)(15)<<16) | ((unsigned long)(0x984))) )
[gle=0x80004005]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Info CBS Added C:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log to WER report.
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml.bad to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Info CBS Not able to add SCM.EVM to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Info CSI 00000010 Component dual_wvmbusr.inf, version 10.0.19041.662, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver' does not have a winner but has 2 other component version(s)
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Error CSI 00000011 (F) Matching binary vmbusr.sys missing for component dual_wvmbusr.inf, version 10.0.19041.662, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver'[gle=0x80004005]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Error CSI 00000012@2020/12/9:16:22:28.549 (F) onecore\base\wcp\componentstore\storelayout.cpp(1682): Error 800f0984 [Warning,Facility=15 (0x000f),Code=2436 (0x0984)] originated in function ComponentStore::CRawStoreLayout::HydrateFileUsingForwardAndReverseDeltas
expression: ((SCODE) (((unsigned long)(1)<<31) | ((unsigned long)(15)<<16) | ((unsigned long)(0x984))) )
[gle=0x80004005]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Info CSI 00000013 Component dual_wvmbusr.inf, version 10.0.19041.662, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver' does not have a winner but has 2 other component version(s)
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Error CSI 00000014 (F) Matching binary vmbuspiper.dll missing for component dual_wvmbusr.inf, version 10.0.19041.662, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver'[gle=0x80004005]
2020-12-09 20:22:28, Error CSI 00000015@2020/12/9:16:22:28.555 (F) onecore\base\wcp\componentstore\storelayout.cpp(1682): Error 800f0984 [Warning,Facility=15 (0x000f),Code=2436 (0x0984)] originated in function ComponentStore::CRawStoreLayout::HydrateFileUsingForwardAndReverseDeltas
expression: ((SCODE) (((unsigned long)(1)<<31) | ((unsigned long)(15)<<16) | ((unsigned long)(0x984))) )
So something created a 'corruption' of my Windows installation. Interestingly a very short update history:
Feature Upgrade to Windows 2020H2 (from a fully patched 2004 installation aka 2020H1)
Security Upgrade for Visual C++ 2005 SP1 Redistributable Package {KB2538242)
.NET 3.5 and 4.8 Cumulative Update (KB4586876)