I have the same Issue, and it's driving me crazy, as well as the other people in the company. We all are on a VPN (Cisco Anyconnect)
Our Network is doing fine, and the issue appears with wifi and lan. It's not computer related, as the same behavior can be observed on Dell, HP and Lenovo Laptops, either with direct connection to the cable, or via docking station.
The issue is, that some apps recognize the internet connection, while others don't. for example coroprate onedrive works, private onedrive doesn't, and others.
The quick fix for me is: connect to vpn, wait till the icon shows offline, unplug lan cable from dock, and plug it in again immediately. the vpn connects again, and then Windows recognizes the connection and shows the correct lan icon as online.
the issue is clearly Windows - it cannot handle the network switch correctly.
Fix this please - forcing a company with 5000 employees worldwide, to unplug their cable every morning is ridiculous.