Hi,
I had not heard of this global issue, but there have been times when Microsoft's servers have been messed up in the past..
You should have in fact had an actual license key for the original Windows 10.. It most likely became a Digital License with the upgrade to Windows 11.. The license key should still be available in your receipt or purchase documentation either on Microsoft's website or possibly an email you received..
I have several machines with a digital license that are not linked to a Microsoft Account.. They are linked to a Microsoft Activation Server.. Having a Microsoft Account to purchase the license does not automatically link your machine to a Microsoft Account.. At least I don't think.. Personally, I go out of my way to keep my machines from being linked to a Microsoft Account..
Did you actually log in to your machine through a Microsoft Account or as a Local Account..
In reality I'm afraid I can't be of much more help.. I know of ways to extract a license but you likely do not have one entered.. It may be that if Microsoft is actually having activation issues, all you can do is wait..
One other option.. Buy another license.. There is an online shopping service similar to Ebay that has Windows Licenses Cheap.. They are likely OEM or Volume Licenses.. I have purchased several and have not had a problem other than you may need to go through the phone activation process.. The site is Ecrater..
I only mention this for emergency use in the event something critical is not working..
I originally installed Windows 10 Pro from media creator, then created a new Microsoft account and purchased Windows 10 Pro with that account (never received any keys or license documentation). Then I did the in-place upgrade to 11 earlier this year and now I've rebuilt the machine assuming I can activate my copy of Windows from my account.
Never received any license key at any point from Microsoft. The only thing I received was an email with payment confirmation (no license info, no attachment etc) and the order listed in my account contains no information for a key or license.
There aren't even any options on the order itself to see or download a key or digital license like mentioned here under "no product key or install options": https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/account-billing/find-and-install-your-microsoft-downloads-from-microsoft-store-9ee788eb-280a-7d3e-fa8e-0418c71af495 Literally none of those "things to try" relate to this situation unfortunately.
This whole thing is just ridiculous. I paid full MSRP for software via a Microsoft account for the sole purpose of not having to go through these headaches.