I just encountered the same issue on my Windows 10 PC. The 2024-03 Update for KB5001716 installed successfully. Subsequent Windows Update checks are now showing a 2023-10 Update with the same KB5001716 that keeps failing. I'm struggling to understand this.
Also noting the 2023-10 Update for KB5001716 had been successfully installed previously (after having performed a full Windows reset on my PC).