When it shows the infected files while running, it's to let you know that you have infected/corrupted files. The reason for the scan is to delete the infected files. That's why there are no infected files when it ends.
But this is not an easy fix for some. I would suggest direct MS support. Call them. Let them see what you are seeing, and they have the research to repair the update process. I am wondering though, if you have the latest .NET Framework update. If you have, uninstall it and install an earlier version. Sometimes that firmware, or whatever it is, has a dynamic effect on installing anything in Windows OS's.
That said, it is time to involve MS. It's their baby and they show know how to raise it, to keep it from being the beast it at times turns out to be. My company is starting to roll out 11 on all of our 10 PC's. It was supposed to be last Friday, but they called it off. And it may be because they are seeing the same issues you guys are seeing. We'll see...