Had exactly the same issue with 10 Pro OEM licences that had been happily uplifted to Windows 11. On applying 24H2 they were complaining about not being activated and the "Enter Key" and "Troubleshoot" buttons in the licencing section did nothing. Resolution:
Admin Command prompt
- slmgr /ipk AAAAA-BBBBB-CCCCC-DDDDD-EEEEE {The Key from the sticker}
- (Should get a message box saying import successful)
- slmgr /ato
- (Message box saying activated successfully)
Right faff, but scriptable so not the end of the world. Not sure what's gone on with 24H2 but it feels like a bit of a train wreck all round....