I didn't mean "legacy BIOS". I meant a system that's old and outdated. On such systems, installing the latest builds can be challenging. You don't know which driver is blocking the setup.
// heci.inf didn't cause any problems, why do you think the problem is caused by the driver? //
As I said, removing drivers is a trial-and-error solution because the logs didn't indicate which driver caused the issue. Having a driver written in 2010 is definitely a suspect, And the error code 0xC1900101 is drivers or BIOS related, according to the Microsoft documentation.
Since my troubleshooting steps didn't help, you may wait to see if others have a fix for you.
I think you misunderstood me, if one or some drivers were the culprit, why did the first in-place upgrade complete successfully? (After that, I didn't add any new driver)
Also, some tutorial videos related to the in-place upgrade mentioned that after running the media creation tool, the user will be asked to choose whether to update the driver, but I didn't find such option. I'm worried that I may ignore it. Does the 22h2 media tool have such option?