Exact same issue. I had trouble with my photoshop saying "There is a problem with the Generator" and a solution was related to windows security.
That's when I discovered I have a problem opening Windows Defender with the "You'll need a new app to open this windowsdefender link".
Same scenario as the above mentioned. Admin account on the same PC works fine, Local account have the photoshop and defender issue.
Tried running the powershell command, didn't work.
So I tried temporarily setting the local account into an admin account.
Ran the powershell command again (by the way I tried setting it to safe mode, turns out, the command doesn't run on safe mode)
and that fixed it for me. The windows defender issue at least. Still have the photoshop issue to contend with.
Cheers!