I have found a simple steps to troubleshoot this issue. Works on my 4 different PCs.
(I'm not sure about the English names of Settings app...)
- Settings=>Windows Update=>Other options=>Set delay of Windows Update on max days
- Close Setting
- Wait some time (~1 min)
- Open Settings again=>Windows Update=>click on Resume Windows Update button at the right
- That's all.
Sorry, I have only Pro version. I don't know if the Home version has an option to pause updates.
What worked for me was a combination of these steps combined with UtopiaOpera1's solution noted a few posts above.
First:
- Open Troubleshoot Settings (use the search bar if need be)
- Click Additional Troubleshooters > Windows Update
- Run the troubleshooter, follow its steps until it's completed
- Restart when it's finished (whether or not it found or solved everything/anything).
Then:
- Click Settings > Windows Update
- In Windows Update, click Advanced Options
- Scroll to "Pause Updates", open the "Select Date" pulldown and pick the furthest date available.
- Exit Settings completely and wait a few minutes
- Open Settings, go to Windows Update and click the Resume Windows Update button that has now appeared.
This finally forced the bugged update to go through (yes, it was the Adobe Flash uninstaller). Since then, no issues for me.