(1) Does the Realtek High Definition Audio device still show up in Device Manager with a code 10?
That's got to mean BIOS & Windows are seeing it. The fix supposedly is what you've been doing -- install the proper drivers, acc. to...
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/310123/error-codes-in-device-manager-in-windows
Error codes in Device Manager in Windows
I think "The request is not supported" (in your earlier picture) is the
"FailReasonString". I tried a BING of it but really found nothing (as far as I could bear to read). It would be nice, if it would say something like "the device is not turned on" or even "these are the wrong drivers".
(2) Anyway, here is your User Manual...
https://download.asrock.com/Manual/Z390%20Phantom%20Gaming%204.pdf
Z390 Phantom Gaming 4
It says...
"
Audio • 7.1 CH HD Audio with Content Protection (Realtek ALC892 Audio Codec)
* To configure 7.1 CH HD Audio, it is required to use an HD front panel audio module
and enable the multi-channel audio feature through the audio driver.
• Premium Blu-ray Audio support
"
I'm not sure I like the sound of a front panel, but is that one of the Audio Codec you tried? It is described here...
https://www.realtek.com/en/products/computer-peripheral-ics/item/alc892
Realtek ALC892 Audio Codec
And the download appears to be here...
https://www.realtek.com/en/component/zoo/advanced-search/606?Itemid=276
ALC892
Take the 64-bit version after clicking the Software button. I tried to download it to see what I'd get, but they wanted my email address.
(3) Well, page 60 of your User Manual begins a detailed description of your BIOS. It's got more controls than I ever want to see in mine. Before trying to install drivers, I would...
(a) Load UEFI Defaults -- presuming you never made big changes in there. For instance, if you installed Windows in Legacy Mode, you may not be able to boot in UEFI Mode (which must be the default setting).
(b) Switch to Advanced Mode.
(c) Get to Chipset Configuration, & scroll down to these...
"
Onboard HD Audio
Enable/disable onboard HD audio. Set to Auto to enable onboard HD audio and automatically disable it when a sound card is installed.
Front Panel
Enable/disable front panel HD audio.
Onboard HDMI HD Audio
Enable audio for the onboard digital outputs.
"
- If you can set Onboard HD Audio to just "enable" instead of to "auto", I would try that.
- I guess I would enable the front panel HD audio, especially if the headphone jack is there.
- I might also enable Onboard HDMI HD Audio, thinking it is different from the one on the monitor.
But maybe go with what the defaults are. Then try to install that driver or the one you got from the computer's site. IOW, these are only my guesses, & I'm glad my own BIOS isn't as versatile.
Edit: Forgot to say, be sure to
Save Changes & Exit. Have you been doing that?