Exact same issue here as well. 1903 and Android 9 on a G7 Power from Motorola. Used to work fine until maybe 1 week ago, after that Continue on PC started to fail (no notifications, after that no Edge windows opened either), and now trying to relink them fails as well.
Nice.
I think that this part of the software is still in evolution. MS is candid in stating that the program works well with specfiic phones, not all of them. I have a Samsung Note 8 and everything works well, even in Win10 1903.