I just tried to install the 1809 update from disk, got the same result as OP however after returning to Windows (and the old 1803 update) i received the following Message:
"0xC1900101 – 0x20017 Failed in Safe_OS Phase with an Error"
Dont know if that provides any more meaningful information..?
Same code here. Tried to update from microsoft nvme driver to samsung nvme driver without results. Cleand windows update, no luck.