This actually worked!
I've been having this problem after Fall's Creators Update whenever I turn on my Connectify hotspot.
I think since there was a lot of under the hood improvements for Windows Defender, something went wrong and I hope MS releases the required patch soon enough.
What the method of Jean-Baptiste does is restarting the Windows Defender Firewall protection. It's not a permanent solution since you probably are going to do it again after a windows restart, but it does the job for your current session.
Thank you very much.
Edit:
It appears that this fix is permanent enough. Apparently the root of the problem is some kind of firewall rule and by this method you will restart Windows Defender Firewall protection rules.
My problem after the first restart was actually ICS service getting turned on again (which is irrelevant to this fix.)
Again, thank you Jean-Baptiste.