Using MSCONFIG (or search for the SERVICES utility) to get to the Services list and then stopping Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) has worked for me nicely. It now shows as "disabled". I did that about three days ago and computer has been fine since.
I had the same scenario as pictured in the graphic at the top of this thread, except those out of control services was running about 14-15% rather than the 31% shown by the original poster. Quiescent CPU usage is now 0-1% like it was before the Fall Creators
Update.
I'm assuming that Microsoft will eventually get around to correcting whatever mistake that they made and I'll be able to put ICS back on its normal startup mode (automatic, I believe). Also saw where there is a method to disable network sharing via the
"Network and Sharing Center" page on Control Panel. I have not tried this yet since just stopping the ICS Service worked so well for me:
http://www.ilovefreesoftware.com/10/windows-10/disable-internet-connection-sharing-windows-10.html
My two other computers, phones, televisions, receiver/amplifier, etc get their Internet connection directly from my main router either by Ethernet or WiFi so I really don't need the ICS via my main computer at all.
By the way, I applied the Fall Creators Update to this computer, my wife's desktop computer and a notebook computer and this one is the only one of the three which had the high CPU usage problem
Good luck to all of you and thanks to the poster above who suggested stopping the ICS service...................Jim