Unfortunately, this fix is unrelated to Compatibility Telemetry. That setting, though it has been renamed in Win 10, is one of the first services that I disable on a new install for customers. However, compattelrunner.exe still runs from time to time. We've noticed that it happens most often after a Windows update that requires a reboot.
With our customers with SSDs , we get a few calls. However, our customers with HDDs hammer us with support calls whenever that thing kicks in. Some of the older computers become unusable for a significant amount of time, and you can only imagine the nasty responses we get from our customers.
Like many in this thread, we have also attempted to make this problem go away, only to find later, it still exists. We will find it eventually, hopefully.