I am not sure if everyone is checking at the right place if they are connected to domain network and they have 8.1 because only 8.1 has this option. Windows 8 has a different way to share devices and content.
For chromecast troubleshooting:
Where to find the option to share:
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-8/turn-sharing-on-or-off
I have been using Windows since forever and have used Apple too, so switching to Mac / Apple is not going to help. Its just another OS with the same fundamentals. Go figure it out in a Apple store if you want a demo.