I have been stuck with the April 2014 roll-up update KB2919355 failing to install for months now, including this thread's error message, 0x80070057, and other variants. I was finally able to fix it today by a brute force but clean and simple method described here: http://www.intowindows.com/how-to-repair-windows-8-1-installation/.
This is not a scam or anything strange. It is simply re-installing Windows using your original system disk (assuming you have access to that) *while keeping all your files and apps*. Nothing is lost as long as you choose the selection "Keep Windows settings, personal files, and apps" -- but that was the default setting anyway, so it's hard to go wrong.
This won't work for everyone, since you may not have an original installation disk. You also need your product key and enough space on your drive for the new installation (maybe 20-30 GB). You also have a few cycles of updates to go through after the installation to get right up to date. But this has finally worked for me, and I had tried many many things before this.
The old Windows installation is left on the disk, but I will wipe that out in due course once I've been running a little while. For now, everything is clean and all updates are finally up to date!