I found this at another site, it's pretty useful:
Windows 8 and Newer
Windows 8 takes care of these kind of issues in a much more efficient way. The file system is always checking itself for issues. Issues that don’t require your hard drive to be offline are fixed immediately. Issues that require your hard drive to be offline, like when you restart, will be logged in a sort of To Do list.
Because only items that require the drive to be offline need to be fixed, Check Disk can complete its job in a matter of seconds to maybe a couple minutes. To do this, click on your Start button. Type cmd in the Search programs and files box. The top result should be cmd.exe. Right-click on that and select Run as Administrator.
start-command-prompt-through-start-menu
Just to make sure that all issues are found and dealt with, run a check disk scan first, by typing in the command
chkdsk C: /scan
and pressing the Enter key. As it scans, it will fix anything that it can without being offline. Once that is finished, type in the command
chkdsk C: /spotfix
and press the Enter key. You’ll see the command prompt tell you that it, “…cannot run because the volume is in use by another process.” It will then ask you if you, “Would… like to schedule this volume to be checked the next time the system restarts? (Y/N)” Type Y and press Enter to schedule Check Disk. Now, restart your computer.
This time Check Disk will run and fix any problems that were identified in the scan. Because it’s only fixing those specific problems, the process only takes a few seconds to a few minutes.
windows-8-spotfix
Your file system should now be repaired and Check Disk should not run on start-up anymore, unless there’s another issue.
Mike Gyt's suggestion to use chkdsk /scan and then chkdsk /spotfix worked like a charm.
Thanks, Mike