"Couldn't update to Windows 8.1 - 0xC1900101 - 0x40017"

Mine completed the update, seemingly in correct fashion, then went black the first time the screen saver kicked-in.  Rebooting left it at the black screen.  I could see the mouse pointer and the "waiting" circle when I moved the mouse, but it would disappear when stationary.

I found a posting from June and the preview release stating that it was a display driver incompatibility with the Intel HD 4000 graphics driver - reboot in safe mode and update the driver with the manufacturer's drivers.

That's what I did, downloading the most recently approved drivers for the Intel HD 4000 and nVidia graphics cards from Dell. 

All is working now.

You'd think this would have been caught before RTM - maybe next time, they'll re-think the "no early distribution" decision prior to release.  

This is not a solution that the average end user/home user would be able to figure out - a big issue for Microsoft.

On a more positive note, the Surface RT that I picked up at the global partner conference in Houston this summer updated on its own, no issues.

Keyboard and mouse you say ... , but what is your problem is SynTp.sys ... andy advice ?

Here is where we sit with the updating to 8.1 fiasco (everything I've tried, not necessarily in order):

1.  Disabling all startup items, and all drivers minus system doesn't work.
2.  Resetting the store doesn't work.
3.  Running chkdsk /f doesn't work.
4.  Running sfc /scannow doesn't work (although I did get to fix a few things with this).
5.  Removing all USB devices including keyboard and mouse before reboot doesn't work.
6.  Uninstalling all software minus games doesn't work.
7.  Uninstalling nvidia drivers doesn't work.
8.  Turning off onboard sound doesn't work.
9.  Uninstalling sound drivers doesn't work
10.  Posting here hoping Microsoft will do something doesn't work.

So, have I missed something here?

I'm in the same situation as  you.  I've tried everything that I could think of as far as uinstalling third party drivers, removing external I/O devices.  I've also disabled all services.

I can't even get past 0% of the actually install after the reboot, it fails immediately.

Not really seems that all your steps are common sense.

My update to Win 8.1 on Lenovo Helix with latest BIOS (worked really well with Win 8) "worked" ... well kind off ... it got worst with every single reboot ... now I don't have mouse, keyboard and just in case I have unplugged power supply ... at this stage as long as I do not login system stays up.

I think it is this new Microsoft Application that was set into automatic startup - this is the icon :( ...

If someone can tell me how to remove this app... I think I will be good to go.

As a result of the above - I have just ordered new MacBook.

Frustrated ... well what do you expect when your computer is turning into a brick.

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Are we Scroogled here ?

Like others have found, I had a single computer out of 4 updated that had this problem.  I was able to get the 8.1 update to work after doing the following;

• Disabled my Anti-virus/Client Firewall software
• Confirmed Windows Defender and Firewall were active and up to date
• Ran Windows Update
• Checked the Action Center and found a MS Keyboard and Mouse driver had not completed an update.  I ran that update.

After doing this, the update installation worked fine after failing with the 0xC1900101 error twice before.

Sounds like the problem may be the keyboard/mouse driver not updating.

Good luck all!