I've been having the exact same issues with 7 home premium SP1 since the update for KB2600217 failed on 7/11/2015.
I retrying all the fixes above again but IMO I think MS is forcing us into 10
FYI - MS safety scanner page does not load in Firefox 40.00.2 and had to run it in IE 11.09. I I gave up on IE once I figured out every web site I go to looks better in FireFox
My work PC with 8.0 has had 10 ready to download for about 2 weeks but my home laptop with 7 which I scheduled 3 weeks before the 8.0 pc is still waiting.
I've been using Microsoft since DOS 1.0 and still have the floppies to prove it