Your first question cannot be answered. Uninstalling the original KB as listed has rendered Windows Update unusable. The error code is that returned by Windows Update when it tries to update itself.
For your second question, it is Norton Internet Security, fully patched and updated and with a current subscription.
I have run the linked System Update Readiness Tool. It ran successfully to conclusion, after checking the Log file it generates. Trying to re-run Windows Update, fails with the same error code as before.