I found the reason ...It is a problem where the computer thinks that you have two monitorsand the icons are on the displaying on the invisible monitor ... in my case the computer had both the
VGA and the Digital VGA cables connected to the same monitor causing the windows 7 program to think that there were two separate monitors when there was only one.
Disconnecting one of the cables caused all my icons to reappear. I hope this helps.
Your monitor-unplugging fix totally makes sense, Joey... too bad I missed your suggestion, the first time I read thru.
Note the similar fix, that I discovered tonight:
right-clicking the desktop,
selecting "Screen resolution",
clicking on the picture for the 2nd monitor, and
*DRAGGING THE 2ND MONITOR* to another position.
In my case, I dragged it from being TO-THE-RIGHT of the laptop monitor (where it is at work),
to being ABOVE the laptop monitor (where it is at home).
And then... all the desktop icons reappeared on the primary monitor!
Good luck,
-- Doug