I have the same issue.
The brightness slider in action center is disabled. you can hover it with the mouse but you can't move the slider.
When using hotkey combos (FN+Backspace, FN+Del) same result, no changes.
This has started since the 1903 W10 upgrade.
I tried reinstalling the display driver, removing it, etc. didn't work.
I also tried using Windows Mobility Center, which provides a handy brightness slider, the slider works but it has no effect.
With this problem, you can't keep the surface on battery because it drains really fast at 100% brightness.