I have the same issue. Contacted MSFT support, was advised after reinstalling OS, etc. to exchange the Surface Pro 9 for a new one due to a hardware issue. After exchanging it and going through the setup process I was delighted to find the problem was not there and it worked perfectly ... until the next morning! Having a look through the logs, automatic Windows Updates were applied overnight and since then the new one has been in exactly the same state as the first Surface I returned so I too can confirm with certainty it is a bug in one of the updates. From that list of updates, I believe the bug exists in one of these packages as they are the most applicable to the issue from the ones that were installed (excluded solitaire/etc, updates):
Surface - Firmware - 161.3.0.16
Surface - Firmware - 6.89.139.0
Surface - Firmware - 9.12.143.0
2023-04 Cumulative Update for Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems (KB5025239)
2023-01 Update for Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems (KB4023057)
Surface - Firmware - 3.8.0.0
Surface - Firmware - 3.10.0.3
Surface - Firmware - 1.25.1865.1
Surface - Firmware - 93.0.0.49
2023-04 Update for Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems (KB5026039)