I was having this problem from a long time, (Almost 2 years). However, in my case I was able to login from a Guest/different profile in Microsoft Edge. I had opened a case also with Microsoft support engineers. I ran for almost ~5 Months without any proper resolution. At last, I decided to make my own hands dirty and dig deeper into the problem and found the solution to it.
Here's the solution:
I tried deleting all my edge profiles and then created a new one and signed in.
- On the top right corner of MS Edge, you might see your profile.
Click on it and you will see a pop-up window, then on the right side of the popup click on settings icon (cog) - You will see your profile, just click on the delete (bin icon).
- Close the browser, open again and login with your id.
It got fixed for me. Please try once and let me know if this fixes your as well.