I set the maximum machine age policy to 3 days on a test domain with Windows 11 24H2 clients and they all lost their trust relationship and would not authenticate. They also did not update their pwdlastset values in AD.
Immediately after unlinking the GPO, they were able to authenticate again. Setting to a higher value of 365 days and linking the GPO also allowed them to authenticate.
Using the reset-computermachinepassword command does change the pwdlastset date.
I've enabled several logs on the domain controllers and am attempting to decipher which may be of value. The biggest standout is a large number of event 4771 pre-kerberos authentication events from the workstations
Log Name: Security
Source: Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing
Date: 1/9/2025 8:04:41 AM
Event ID: 4771
Task Category: Kerberos Authentication Service
Level: Information
Keywords: Audit Failure
User: N/A
Computer: DC.domain.com
Description:
Kerberos pre-authentication failed.
Account Information:
Security ID: domain\workstation$
Account Name: workstation$
Service Information:
Service Name: krbtgt/domain.com
Network Information:
Client Address: ::ffff:10.0.44.102
Client Port: 65463
Additional Information:
Ticket Options: 0x40810010
Failure Code: 0x18
Pre-Authentication Type: 2
Certificate Information:
Certificate Issuer Name:
Certificate Serial Number:
Certificate Thumbprint:
Certificate information is only provided if a certificate was used for pre-authentication.
Pre-authentication types, ticket options and failure codes are defined in RFC 4120.
If the ticket was malformed or damaged during transit and could not be decrypted, then many fields in this event might not be present.