The same behaviour continues on our environment where on my 2 test machines 23H2 breaks every 24/48 hours but 24H2 continues to work. My colleagues Test environment also behaves in the same way where 23H2 breaks but 24H2 (upgraded from 23H2) and 24H2 direct builds work correctly. Also within our production environment i have seen Windows 10 and iMacs embedded into windows continue to work as expected so I'm fairly confident its a 23H2 bug. I cant be 100% sure that there aren't other bugs that then also effect other operating systems but to me 23H2 is the most affected in our instance.
Unfortunately the sites where I moved our DC's onto 2025 were primarily 23H2 because i had been delaying 24H2 due to all the bugs that Microsoft were fixing which is ironic (though from what i have read of the bugs i don't think they will effect us greatly). I am moving all of our 23H2 clients up to 24H2 now as i think this is likely to help at the very least as 24H2 and 2025 are based upon the same underlying operating system build.